Social Context of Othello - 667 Words

On November 1, 1604, King James I and his court were the first to watch a production of William Shakespeare’s â€Å"Othello.† The famous playwright was in the midst of his tragedy period, penning such classics as â€Å"Hamlet,† â€Å"King Lear,† and â€Å"Macbeth.† The story of â€Å"Othello† has its roots in the historical events and cultural atmosphere of the late 16th and early 17th centuries. It was a common practice of playwrights at the time to borrow or lift plot ideas from other preexisting stories, and Shakespeare was no exception to the rule. The plot of â€Å"Othello† most closely resembles a 1565 story by the Italian writer Giovanni Battista Giraldi Cinzio: a Moorish general is tricked by one of his officers into thinking his wife has been unfaithful.†¦show more content†¦Othello describes Desdemona’s supposed sullied reputation as â€Å"begrimed and black/ as mine own face† (3.3.390-1) and seeks â€Å"black vengeance† (3.3.450). While it is actually Iago, a white character, who stains and corrupts the pure love between Othello and Desdemona, the concepts of impurity and pollution are described in â€Å"black† terms. To this day, â€Å"Othello† remains a challenging, provocative play for its treatment ofShow MoreRelatedPractice HSC essay1060 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Shakespeare’s play ‘Othello†™ and the contemporary appropriation of a film ‘O’ by Tim Blake Nelson are based on the societal values and morals of their time. Issues such as racism, the use of language and deception are timeless making them evident throughout both contexts, hence the engagements in both textual forms. Differing contexts convey concerns in different ways through the use of diverse techniques. For example ‘Othello’ is a play which uses props, stage positioning and lighting comparedRead MoreOthello Reflects the Context and Values of its Time Essay1342 Words   |  6 PagesTexts and their appropriations reflect the context and values of their times. Within Shakespeare’s Othello and Geoffrey Sax’s appropriation of Othello, the evolution of the attitudes held by Elizabethan audiences and those held by contemporary audiences can be seen through the context of the female coupled with the context of racism. The role of the female has developed from being submissive and â€Å"obedient† in the Elizabethan era to being independent and liberated within the contemporary setting.Read MorePower, Race and Women in Othello by Shakespear and Sax1443 Words   |  6 Pagesstereotypical view of Othello, as a â€Å"Barbary horse,† depicting him as an animalisti c outsider. Through the image of conflict in black and white, Iago emphasises on the racial demarcation between Othello and Desdemona, that â€Å"an old black ram is tupping your white ewe,† associating Othello with uncontrolled animalistic sexuality. Iago’s overt and vicious racism becomes representative of the reigning stereotype of the African on the Elizabethan stage †¢ Insecure because of his race, Othello echoes Iago’sRead MoreComparison between Othello and Skin1414 Words   |  6 Pagestexts Othello and Skin. To what extent are the differences between the two texts treatment of this theme due to their different historical and cultural contexts? Othello and Skin are both excellent examples of how the outsider is topic in which society is intrigued by. Both Sandra and Othello are both victims of their time and geographical setting, as well as being considered different due to their race and achievements. Although there are a great number of common themes through both Othello andRead MoreOthello - shakespeare and saxs film adaptation923 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Texts reflect their contexts. Is this true of Shakespeare’s Othello and Sax’s film Othello? (700-800 words). Texts reflect their contexts and this is evident in both William Shakespeare’s Othello and Geoffrey Sax’s film Othello. This reflection is established through the two ideas of racism and the inequality between genders. The context of a text plays an essential role as it is the way in which the composers convey their message and this is done effectively as both composers are conveying anRead MoreOthello Essay1172 Words   |  5 PagesOthello Essay William Shakespeare’s Othello tells a story of the tragic downfall of a man through jealousy and mistrust, influenced by the manipulative actions of another. Due to innumerable changes within society over time, it is inevitable that a wide range of critical interpretations and readings of the text will emerge. My personal interpretation of the play draws from the concepts of the traditional Aristotelian views of a tragedy. An Aristotelian interpretation concerns itself with whetherRead MoreAnalysis Of William Shakespeare s Othello889 Words   |  4 Pagessaw as issues in their respective cultures and societies. William Shakespeare in one of his most famous plays Othello lies out a problem which he thought was pertinent enough for him to deal with directly, that is the problem of race. Othello was a Moor, a man of African descent who was put in a hostile situation by being put in Venice a primarily white society. The role of race in Othello and the kind of language used by Shakespeare throughout the play point towards Othello’s race and how othersRead MoreConflict Essay- English1596 Words   |  7 Pagesis the true test of an individual’s internal strength and understanding, encountering conflict can evoke an individual to reassess their values, morals and beliefs’, staying true is the best way to deal with the animosity. It is through this that social order can deteriorate into conflict and anarchy with disturbing ease; it is a fear of difference and is not always easy to distinguish the innocent from the guilty in contesting situations. Conflict can be the struggle between the protagonists orRead MoreOthello - A Play That Transcends Time Essay941 Words   |  4 Pagesworld of Shakespeare’s Othello. It is through my exploration of these perspectives and their relationship with changing morals and values that has enriched my understanding of the play. One such reading of the play challenges the marginalisation and objectification of woman in a patriarchal Venetian society, while taking into account the changing role of women in modern society. Another interpretation of Othello examines its post colonial elements through the protagonist Othello, and his insecuritiesRead MoreThe True Nature Of Shakespeares Characters In Othello1546 Wor ds   |  7 PagesShakespeare’s Characters in â€Å"Othello† Ever since it’s creation over four centuries ago, William Shakespeare’s classic tragedy â€Å"Othello†, has reigned as one of the greatest play’s of all time. Being widely studied and analyzed, there should be no question as to why this piece has remained so relevant, even within the twisting and turbulent times of the 20th century and beyond. With copious amounts of today’s youth becoming caught and obsessed with the virtual life of social media, it is no wonder Shakespeare’s

Mindfulness And Mindfulness ( Meditation ) - 2062 Words

As a result of the post-hoc tests, the first hypothesis that ‘the mindfulness interventions will significantly reduce anxiety compared to the control’ was supported. However, the second hypothesis that ‘the mindfulness conditions will be significantly different from one another’, was not supported. Participants in the ‘Mindfulness A (mandala) and in the ‘Mindfulness B (meditation) groups each showed significant reductions in state anxiety compared to the control, as measured by the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. This finding is similar to the results in previous studies which have also demonstrated a reduction in anxiety immediately after participants carried out mindfulness-based interventions (Carsley, Heath and Fajnerova, 2015; Sandmire†¦show more content†¦Additionally, the bivariate analysis in the present study demonstrated that varied levels of initial pre-intervention anxiety scores may have influenced the subsequent amount of re duction in state anxiety. In other words, having a high (pre-intervention) anxiety score for example, may have influenced the amount reduction in anxiety experienced. There is potential to explore this effect as it means that some individuals may respond differently to the interventions. Overall, the present research could be viewed as a pilot study which has tested the comparative effects of the brief interventions on a smaller scale. As significant results have been found, there is potential for exploring the the same interventions with more comprehensive research which also addresses the limitations of the present study - most importantly, the low sample size and the simulated test. 5.1.2 Omitted ANCOVA When pre-intervention anxiety scores were taken into consideration as a covariate, the significance levels of the reduction in state anxiety were found to be the same as reported within the main ANOVA. A one-way between groups analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was initially conducted to compare the effectiveness of the different types of interventions on state anxiety reduction, with the pre-intervention anxiety measures as a covariate. Preliminary checks were conducted to ensure that there was no violation of the assumptions. However, the Levene’s test demonstrated that the

[000E7FD8] Loading Device = CWINDOWSHIMEM.SYS Essay Example For Students

[000E7FD8] Loading Device = C:WINDOWSHIMEM.SYS Essay 000E7FD8 LoadSuccess= C:WINDOWSHIMEM.SYS000E7FD8 Loading Device = C:WINDOWSDBLBUFF.SYS000E7FD9 LoadSuccess= C:WINDOWSDBLBUFF.SYS000E7FD9 Loading Device = C:WINDOWSIFSHLP.SYS000E7FD8 LoadSuccess= C:WINDOWSIFSHLP.SYS000E8036 Loading Vxd = VMM000E8038 LoadSuccess = VMM000E8038 Loading Vxd = C:WINDOWSSMARTDRV.EXE000E8045 LoadSuccess = C:WINDOWSSMARTDRV.EXE000E8045 Loading Vxd = ndis.vxd000E8045 LoadSuccess = ndis.vxd000E8045 Loading Vxd = ndis2sup.vxd000E8045 LoadFailed = ndis2sup.vxd000E8046 Loading Vxd = JAVASUP.VXD000E8045 LoadSuccess = JAVASUP.VXD000E8045 Loading Vxd = CONFIGMG000E8045 LoadSuccess = CONFIGMG000E8045 Loading Vxd = NTKERN000E8046 LoadSuccess = NTKERN000E8046 Loading Vxd = VWIN32000E8047 LoadSuccess = VWIN32000E8047 Loading Vxd = VFBACKUP000E8047 LoadSuccess = VFBACKUP000E8047 Loading Vxd = VCOMM000E8047 LoadSuccess = VCOMM000E8047 Loading Vxd = COMBUFF000E8047 LoadSuccess = COMBUFF000E8047 Loading Vxd = C:WINDOWSsystemVMM32IFSMGR.VXD000E8045 LoadSuccess = C:WINDOWSsyst emVMM32IFSMGR.VXD000E8045 Loading Vxd = C:WINDOWSsystemVMM32IOS.VXD000E8045 LoadSuccess = C:WINDOWSsystemVMM32IOS.VXD000E8045 Loading Vxd = mtrr000E8045 LoadSuccess = mtrr000E8045 Loading Vxd = SPOOLER000E8045 LoadSuccess = SPOOLER000E8045 Loading Vxd = UDF000E8045 LoadSuccess = UDF000E8045 Loading Vxd = VFAT000E8045 LoadSuccess = VFAT000E8045 Loading Vxd = VCACHE000E8045 LoadSuccess = VCACHE000E8045 Loading Vxd = VCOND000E8045 LoadSuccess = VCOND000E8045 Loading Vxd = VCDFSD000E8045 LoadSuccess = VCDFSD000E8045 Loading Vxd = VXDLDR000E8045 LoadSuccess = VXDLDR000E8045 Loading Vxd = VDEF000E8045 LoadSuccess = VDEF000E8045 Loading Vxd = VPICD000E8045 LoadSuccess = VPICD000E8045 Loading Vxd = VTD000E8045 LoadSuccess = VTD000E8045 Loading Vxd = REBOOT000E8045 LoadSuccess = REBOOT000E8045 Loading Vxd = VDMAD000E8045 LoadSuccess = VDMAD000E8045 Loading Vxd = VSD000E8045 LoadSuccess = VSD000E8045 Loading Vxd = V86MMGR000E8046 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DEVICEINITSUCCESS= VFIXD000E8136 DEVICEINIT= JAVASUP 000E8136 DEVICEINITSUCCESS= JAVASUP 000E8136 DEVICEINIT= VCOMM000E8136 DEVICEINITSUCCESS= VCOMM000E8136 DEVICEINIT= VCOND000E8136 DEVICEINITSUCCESS= VCOND000E8136 DEVICEINIT= VTDAPI 000E8136 DEVICEINITSUCCESS= VTDAPI 000E8136 DEVICEINIT= VFLATD 000E8136 DEVICEINITSUCCESS= VFLATD 000E8136 DEVICEINIT= Display1000E8136 DEVICEINITSUCCESS= Display1000E8136 DEVICEINIT= VDMAD0 00E8136 DEVICEINITSUCCESS= VDMAD000E8136 DEVICEINIT= V86MMGR 000E8136 DEVICEINITSUCCESS= V86MMGR 000E8136 DEVICEINIT= SPOOLER 000E8136 DEVICEINITSUCCESS= SPOOLER 000E8136 DEVICEINIT= UDF000E8136 DEVICEINITSUCCESS= UDF000E8136 DEVICEINIT= VFAT000E8136 DEVICEINITSUCCESS= VFAT000E8136 DEVICEINIT= VDEF000E8136 DEVICEINITSUCCESS= VDEF000E8135 Initing hsflop.pdr000E8136 Init Success hsflop.pdr000E8137 Initing esdi_506.pdr000E8140 Init Success esdi_506.pdr000E8142 Initing esdi_506.pdr000E815D Init Success esdi_506.pdr000E815D Initing drvwq117.vxd000E817E Init Success drvwq117.vxd000E8184 INITCOMPLETE = VMM000E8184 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = VMM000E8184 INITCOMPLETE = VCACHE 000E8184 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = VCACHE 000E8184 INITCOMPLETE = PERF000E8184 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = PERF000E8184 INITCOMPLETE = VPICD000E8184 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = VPICD000E8184 INITCOMPLETE = VrtwD000E8185 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = VrtwD000E8185 INITCOMPLETE = VTD000E8185 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = VTD000E8185 INITCOMPLETE = VWIN32 000 E8185 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = VWIN32 000E8185 INITCOMPLETE = VXDLDR 000E8185 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = VXDLDR 000E8185 INITCOMPLETE = NTKERN 000E8185 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = NTKERN 000E8185 INITCOMPLETE = CONFIGMG000E8185 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = CONFIGMG000E8185 INITCOMPLETE = PCI000E8185 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = PCI000E8185 INITCOMPLETE = ISAPNP 000E8185 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = ISAPNP 000E8185 INITCOMPLETE = BIOS000E8185 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = BIOS000E8185 INITCOMPLETE = VCDFSD 000E8185 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = VCDFSD 000E8185 INITCOMPLETE = IOS000E8185 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = IOS000E8185 INITCOMPLETE = PAGEFILE000E8185 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = PAGEFILE000E8185 INITCOMPLETE = PAGESWAP000E8185 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = PAGESWAP000E8185 INITCOMPLETE = PARITY 000E8185 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = PARITY 000E8185 INITCOMPLETE = REBOOT 000E8185 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = REBOOT 000E8185 INITCOMPLETE = EBIOS000E8185 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = EBIOS000E8185 INITCOMPLETE = VDD000E8186 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = VDD000E8186 INITCOMPLETE = TRIDENT 000E8186 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = TRIDENT 000E8186 INITCOMPLETE = VSD000E8186 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = VSD000E8186 INITCOMPLETE = COMBUFF 000E8186 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = COMBUFF 000E8186 INITCOMPLETE = VCD000E8186 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = VCD000E8186 INITCOMPLETE = VMOUSE 000E8186 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = VMOUSE 000E8186 INITCOMPLETE = MSMINI 000E8186 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = MSMINI 000E8186 INITCOMPLETE = VKD000E8186 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = VKD000E8186 INITCOMPLETE = VPD000E8186 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = VPD000E8186 INITCOMPLETE = INT13000E8186 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = INT13000E8186 INITCOMPLETE = VMCPD000E8186 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = VMCPD000E8186 INITCOMPLETE = BIOSXLAT000E8186 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = BIOSXLAT000E8186 INITCOMPLETE = SDVXD000E8186 INITCOMPLETEFAILED = SDVXD000E8186 INITCOMPLETE = VNETBIOS000E8186 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = VNETBIOS000E8186 INITCOMPLETE = NDIS000E8186 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = NDIS000E8186 INITCOMPLETE = PPPMAC 000E8186 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = PPPMAC 000E8186 INITCOMPLETE = NDISW AN 000E8186 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = NDISWAN 000E8186 INITCOMPLETE = VTDI000E8186 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = VTDI000E8186 INITCOMPLETE = VIP000E8186 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = VIP000E8186 INITCOMPLETE = MSTCP000E8186 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = MSTCP000E8186 INITCOMPLETE = VDHCP000E8186 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = VDHCP000E8186 INITCOMPLETE = VNBT000E8186 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = VNBT000E8186 INITCOMPLETE = DOSMGR 000E8188 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = DOSMGR 000E8188 INITCOMPLETE = VMPOLL 000E8188 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = VMPOLL 000E8188 INITCOMPLETE = VFIXD000E8188 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = VFIXD000E8188 INITCOMPLETE = JAVASUP 000E8188 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = JAVASUP 000E8188 INITCOMPLETE = VCOMM000E8189 Dynamic load device serenum.vxd000E818A Dynamic init device SERENUM000E818A Dynamic init success SERENUM000E818A Dynamic load success serenum.vxd000E818A Dynamic load device serenum.vxd000E818A Dynamic init device SERENUM000E818A Dynamic init success SERENUM000E818A Dynamic load success serenum.vxd000E818A Dynamic load devic e lptenum.vxd000E818A Dynamic init device LPTENUM000E818A Dynamic init success LPTENUM000E818A Dynamic load success lptenum.vxd000E818A INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = VCOMM000E818A Dynamic load device C:WINDOWSsystemserial.vxd000E818B Dynamic init device SERIAL000E818B Dynamic init success SERIAL000E818B Dynamic load success C:WINDOWSsystemserial.vxd000E81AB Dynamic load device C:WINDOWSsystemIOSUBSYSatapchng.vxd000E81AC Dynamic load success C:WINDOWSsystemIOSUBSYSatapchng.vxd000E81AC Dynamic load device C:WINDOWSsystemIOSUBSYSdiskvsd.vxd000E81AC Dynamic load success C:WINDOWSsystemIOSUBSYSdiskvsd.vxd000E81AC Dynamic load device C:WINDOWSsystemIOSUBSYS ecatapi.vxd000E81AC Dynamic load success C:WINDOWSsystemIOSUBSYS ecatapi.vxd000E81AC Dynamic load device C:WINDOWSsystemIOSUBSYS orisan3.vxd000E81AD Dynamic load success C:WINDOWSsystemIOSUBSYS orisan3.vxd000E81AD Dynamic load device C:WINDOWSsystemIOSUBSYSdrvspacx.vxd000E81AE Dynamic load success C:WINDOWSsystemIOSUBSYSdrvspacx.vxd000E81AE Initing drvwppqt.vxd000E81C0 Init Success drvwppqt.vxd000E81C1 Dynamic load device msmpu401.vxd000E81C1 Dynamic init device MSMPUVXD000E81C1 Dynamic init success MSMPUVXD000E81C1 Dynamic load success msmpu401.vxd000E81C2 Dynamic load device vjoyd.vxd000E81C2 Dynamic init device VJOYD000E81C2 Dynamic init success VJOYD000E81C2 Dynamic load success vjoyd.vxd000E81C2 INITCOMPLETE = APIX000E81C2 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = APIX000E81C2 INITCOMPLETE = CDTSD000E81C2 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = CDTSD000E81C2 INITCOMPLETE = CDVSD000E81C2 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = CDVSD000E81C2 INITCOMPLETE = DiskTSD 000E81C2 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = DiskTSD 000E81C2 INITCOMPLETE = scsi1hlp000E81C2 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = scsi1hlp000E81C2 INITCOMPLETE = vol track000E81C2 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = voltrack000E81C2 INITCOMPLETE = BIGMEM 000E81C2 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = BIGMEM 000E81C2 INITCOMPLETE = SPAP000E81C2 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = SPAP000E81C2 INITCOMPLETE = HSFLOP 000E81C2 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = HSFLOP 000E81C2 INITCOMPLETE = ESDI_506000E81C2 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = ESDI_506000E81C2 INITCOMPLETE = SERENUM 000E81C2 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = SERENUM 000E81C2 INITCOMPLETE = LPTENUM 000E81C3 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = LPTENUM 000E81C3 INITCOMPLETE = msmpu401000E81C3 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = msmpu401000E81C3 INITCOMPLETE = vjoyd000E81C3 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = vjoyd000E81C3 INITCOMPLETE = DRVWCDB 000E81C3 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = DRVWCDB 000E81C3 INITCOMPLETE = DRVWPPQT000E81C3 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = DRVWPPQT000E81C3 INITCOMPLETE = DRVWQ117000E81C3 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = DRVWQ117000E81C3 INITCOMPLETE = VDMAD000E81C3 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = VDMAD000E81C3 INITCOMPLETE = V86MMGR 000E81C3 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = V86MMGR 000E81C3 INITCOMPLETE = SPOOLER 000E81C3 INITCOMPLETES UCCESS = SPOOLER 000E81C3 INITCOMPLETE = UDF000E81C3 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = UDF000E81C3 INITCOMPLETE = VFAT000E81C3 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = VFAT000E81C3 INITCOMPLETE = VDEF000E81C3 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = VDEF000E81C3 INITCOMPLETE = CDFS000E81C3 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = CDFS000E81C3 INITCOMPLETE = IFSMGR 000E81C3 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = IFSMGR 000E81C3 INITCOMPLETE = VFBACKUP000E81C3 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = VFBACKUP000E81C3 INITCOMPLETE = SHELL000E81C3 INITCOMPLETESUCCESS = SHELLInitializing KERNELLoadStart = system.drvLoadSuccess = system.drvLoadStart = keyboard.drvLoadSuccess = keyboard.drvLoadStart = mouse.drvLoadSuccess = mouse.drvLoadStart = trid_pci.drvLoadStart = DIBENG.DLLLoadSuccess = DIBENG.DLLLoadSuccess = trid_pci.drvLoadStart = mmsound.drvLoadSuccess = mmsound.drvLoadStart = comm.drvLoadSuccess = comm.drvLoadStart = gdi.exeLoadStart = C:WINDOWSSYSTEMGDI32.DLLLoadStart = GDI.EXELoadSuccess = GDI.EXELoadStart = GDI.EXELoadSuccess = GDI.EXELoadStart = GDI.EXELoadSuccess = GDI.EXELoadS tart = GDI.EXELoadSuccess = GDI.EXELoadSuccess = C:WINDOWSSYSTEMGDI32.DLLLoadStart = C:WINDOWSfontsvgasys.fonLoadSuccess = C:WINDOWSfontsvgasys.fonLoadStart = C:WINDOWSfontsvgafix.fonLoadSuccess = C:WINDOWSfontsvgafix.fonLoadStart = C:WINDOWSfontsvgaoem.fonLoadSuccess = C:WINDOWSfontsvgaoem.fonLoadSuccess = gdi.exeLoadStart = user.exeLoadStart = DDEML.DLLLoadSuccess = DDEML.DLLLoadStart = C:WINDOWSSYSTEMUSER32.DLLLoadStart = USER.EXELoadSuccess = USER.EXELoadStart = USER.EXELoadSuccess = USER.EXELoadStart = USER.EXELoadSuccess = USER.EXELoadStart = USER.EXELoadSuccess = USER.EXELoadStart = USER.EXELoadSuccess = USER.EXELoadSuccess = C:WINDOWSSYSTEMUSER32.DLLLoadStart = COOL.DLLLoadSuccess = COOL.DLLInit = KEYBOARDInitDone = KEYBOARDInit = MouseStatus = Mouse driver installedInitDone = MouseInit = LoadStart = DISPLAY.drvLoadSuccess = DISPLAY.drvInitDone = DISPLAYInit = Display ResourcesInitDone = Display ResourcesLoadStart = C:WINDOWSfontsserife.fonLoadSuccess = C:WINDOWSfontsserife. fonLoadStart = C:WINDOWSfontssserife.fonLoadSuccess = C:WINDOWSfontssserife.fonLoadStart = C:WINDOWSfontscoure.fonLoadSuccess = C:WINDOWSfontscoure.fonLoadStart = C:WINDOWSfontssymbole.fonLoadSuccess = C:WINDOWSfontssymbole.fonLoadStart = C:WINDOWSfontssmalle.fonLoadSuccess = C:WINDOWSfontssmalle.fonLoadSuccess = user.exeLoadStart = MSGSRV32.EXELoadSuccess = MSGSRV32.EXEInit = Final USERInitDone = Final USERInit = Installable DriversInitDone = Installable DriversInit = TSRQueryInitDone = TSRQueryInit = Display ResourcesInitDone = Display ResourcesTerminate = UserTerminate = Query DriversEndTerminate = Query DriversTerminate = Unload NetworkEndTerminate = Unload NetworkTerminate = Reset DisplayEndTerminate = Reset DisplayEndTerminate = User Juvenile Delinquency Contributing Factors Current Essay

The Hunger Games

Introduction The Hunger Games is a fictional book that describes the horrendous state of the current society. The author uses metaphors to describe the class distinctions in society as well as the opulence and extravagance of the rich. This paper discusses the class inequality and the role of the media and society in advancing class inequality comparing the book with the modern class differentiation.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Hunger Games – Class inequality discussion specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The Hunger Games There is a class inequality between people living in the Capitol and the ones living in 12 districts. The class inequality represents itself in several ways, but mostly, people in such districts do not have sufficient food, and there are observed cases of starvation. Katniss, the main character in the book, has to engage in illegal hunting â€Å"the hunger games† in order to b e able to provide for her family. What is more, not many families know how to hunt. In the Capitol, on the other hand, there is plenty of food. Katniss is awed by her large breakfast of eggs, hams, fried potatoes and other delicacies during her stay in the Capitol, meaning that people there do not experience any shortage of food, while people from districts are starving. Secondly, people in Capitol are more advanced in terms of technological developments. For example, Katniss takes a shower for the first time in her life during her visit to the Capitol. The government controls the resources in the districts. The people are restricted from travelling outside their homes and districts, which limits their ability to interact with each other and as such mobilize resources. The education offered is biased in order to limit any rebellion in the people against the Capitol. The class inequality, therefore, favours the people in the Capitol. The beliefs and norms of the people in Panem are c entred on the self-interest; they are obsessed to acquire the comfort and lifestyle of the affluent people. Panem is not a meritocracy but the society full of class differences. In a meritocratic society, the people’s progress in life is based on their abilities and not their socio-economic status. In Panem, this is not the case. The ones who survive in the hunger games are the tributes from the wealthier districts since they are able to afford sufficient food and prior training in preparation for the games. The people who succeed economically are the ones in the wealthier districts. The people in the poorer districts are too preoccupied with their thoughts of surviving a single day; what bothers them is earning money, which is a problem for them. The structure of the society influences the outcome of the hunger games. First of all, the poor people have higher probabilities to be selected for the hunger games since they trade food for the chance to take part in them. Secondly , the participants from the wealthy districts are well-fed and fitter than those in the poor districts.Advertising Looking for essay on american literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More They usually train for a longer time, which makes them comfortable in handling the weapons. The participants from the poorer districts, on the other hand, usually handle the weapons for the first time during the games; they are weak as they are malnourished and underfed. They do not have any prior trainings before the games. More participanst are, therefore, selected from the poorer districts who rarely survive. The media in Panem plays a critical role in socializing between the rich and poor people. The poor and the rich are united when watching the hunger games, which enables them to do something together. It is acceptable since the games are regarded as entertainment; people forget about the real aim and end results of the games. Such gam es are highly televised; the tributes are adorned in costumes. It is important how the tributes appear before the huge number of people, and whether they will be given gifts. There are televised interviews of the tributes which everyone watches, making the games appear as entertainment yet these young people are fighting for their lives. During the games, there is a large audience watching as the tributes fight for their lives; the same situation can be observed in the modern world, for instance, reality shows with the rich and famous, in which ordinary people get to know about their personal lives, which is also considered as entertainment. There are also shows where ordinary people get to participate in reality shows themselves; everything shown there be it good or bad, is a sort of entertainment for a host of people. Similar to the way the tributes want to have sponsors, the reality TV actors and producers want popularity for the show to be commercially viable. At the end of the hunger games, the winner is interviewed; this is another source of entertainment for people. Just like in the reality shows, the winner is being applauded without any consideration of the tactics he or she used to win the game, in other words, whether it has been ethical or not. Allan Johnson argues that social structures cause people to follow the path of least resistance. People occupy certain positions within a social structure, which are interrelated. The relationships between the positions influence how much they can accomplish.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Hunger Games – Class inequality discussion specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More People have great expectations of the other people and the roles they play. The expectations are influenced by the beliefs, values, norms and attitudes of the people. People avoid being in situations where they are the odd one out. They do not want to be known as de fiant or peculiar. They, therefore, engage in charades where they play along with the system. The suppression of one’s true feelings or views in order to fit in is defined as following the path of least resistance (Johnson 86). In Panem the class inequality and power structure cause people in the poorer districts and Capitol to follow the path of least resistance. Katniss forces herself not to cry when she sees Prim being chosen as a tribute and being led to the stage. She does not want to be perceived as a weak person (Collins 23). Peeta and Katniss cooperate during the training and the interview sessions that are held every year for the tributes. They are advised to pay more attention to their appearances so as to ensure that the people love and admire them. They are both disgusted by the games, however, they comply and choose the path of least resistance. Katniss offers entertainment for the audience by kissing Peeta since she knows that the crowd will appreciate the roman tic entertainment. A gift from Haymitch after the session confirms her hopes. There was also an opportunity during the last interview to announce that the decision to take the poisonous berries was a sign of rebellion against the Capitol. However, she gets afraid and instead decides to take the path of least resistance. She explains to the interviewer that she did not want to lose Peete. She knows this answer will please the Capitol. The Hunger Games, though fictional has great sociological concepts which students can learn a lot from. The gap between the rich and the poor is too large. Poverty continues to prosper because the society has chosen not to take care of the poor. The people are concerned with what society think of them. They choose to keep quiet over issues that they should find the strength to talk about, such as inequalities and violence. People are more focused on enriching their lives and accumulating possessions, such as houses, clothes, cars and food. The people ar e fascinated with entertainment; they are captured by the lives of supermodels, singers, athletes and other celebrities. The book also touches on the exploitation of capitalism by showing the poor workers on the farms while the owners keep getting more affluent.Advertising Looking for essay on american literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More People involved in showbiz careers are focused on the comfort of their lives, and do not mind showing their opulence and extravagance to the society. They do not consider the fact that some of the people among the audiences are poor and cannot spend a lot of money on luxuries. In the Nacirema, the author showed the American lifestyle that concentrates too much on themselves and their comfort. The body rituals of these ancient people preoccupy their minds the same way accumulation of possessions is the focus of the current society. Conclusion The author has been successful in capturing the present United States culture to show where the country is currently heading to if things do not change. It will be a society where the rich are unmoved by the plight of the poor. They will be wasting all their time on entertainment and opulence. Works Cited Collins, Suzzanne. The Hunger Games. USA: Scholastic Press, 2008. Print. Johnson, Allan. The Forest and the Trees: Sociology as Life, Practice and  Promise. United States: Temple University Press, 1997. Print. This essay on The Hunger Games – Class inequality discussion was written and submitted by user Chameleon to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here. The Hunger Games The Hunger Games is a trilogy authored by Suzanne Collins. The author gives a story of a woman who aims at achieving the ultimate prize. The film director, Gary Ross, presents the contents of the book in a film in concise way. Even though some contents are left out, the book presents the ideas of the author in a simple way. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Hunger Games specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In other words, he simplifies the concepts that are unclear in the book. A number of differences between the book and the movie exit. A brief analysis of the interview that covers Seneca Crane’s work on the seventy-fourth general meeting of the Hunger games helps in developing a notion of a moving environment outside Katniss’ personal feelings. This brings on board the capitol and other key players. In the book, District 12 has the right to look after its own affairs. This is not clearly illustrat ed in the movie as less time is shared with people who live there. The film does not show the family of Gale and at the same time, Peeta’s father is not shown. This is in spite of the fact that the family relationship between Gale and Katniss is important. This eventually makes it difficult to expose the family ties of Katniss (Collins 37). Whereas the book illustrates that Katniss is not given the mocking jay pin as a token of appreciation for her tribute to Rue, the movie is different. The relationship between the two sisters is evident when Katniss gives the icon to Prim before her departure. She had bought the pin at the Hob. She also explains how protective the pin would be to her sister. As much as Peeta is emotionally attached to Katniss, the book develops a balanced strategy between his intellect and prowess. Peeta is willing to do all he can to protect Katniss. The movie portrays Peeta as an individual who does not have the mechanism for personal survival. The time spent by Katniss while in the woods is not given sufficient coverage in the movie. This means that the movie fails to illustrate her fighting spirit the way it is presented in the novel. Compared to the book, the movie covers Seneca and President Snaw in a better way. The capacity they have concerning what they are capable of doing, as well as showing how life is full of up hills, are some of the issues the movie covers properly (Collins 78). In an attempt to set the stage for subsequent scenes, District 2 goes against the wishes of Rue yet it is expected that she will be given bread for her effort. This part creates disharmony in the flow of events, especially to a viewer who has not read the whole novel. Irrespective of Gale’s importance in Katniss life, he is given a very limited coverage in the first scene. The book is clear in creating the triangle of love involving Katniss, Gale, and Peeta. Advertising Looking for essay on comparative literature? Let's see if we c an help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The film creates a confusing moment in the murder of Cato. Katniss’ role in Cato’s death is mild and not well brought out. Though he dies from injuries after he was stabbed with an arrow, Cato had lost hope in life following the realization that his life was worthless. The differences that are seen when a movie and the novel are compared do not indicate failure ineffectiveness in the side of the producer. His efforts are worth appreciating, as the job done was exemplary. Works Cited Collins, Suzanne. Catching fire. New York: Scholastic Inc, 2009. Print. Collins, Suzanne. The Hunger Games. New York: Scholastic Inc, 2009. Print. This essay on The Hunger Games was written and submitted by user Allan H. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Sarbanes-Oxley Act Article Essay Essay Example

Sarbanes-Oxley Act Article Essay Essay Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley ActThis article reappraisal is on the article written by David S. Addington called â€Å"Congress Should Repeal or Fix Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act to Help Create Jobs. † The Heritage Foundation published the article on September 30 2013. In the article. the writer addresses concerns among companies remaining in conformity with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. The writer indicates that subdivision 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley act has caused a fiscal load on companies. Companies spend a big sum of money to remain in conformity with the ordinances on subdivision 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Furthermore. companies could utilize the money spent on scrutinizing fiscal records to put in more concern lines and make more occupations ( Additon. 2011 ) . We will write a custom essay sample on Sarbanes-Oxley Act Article Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Sarbanes-Oxley Act Article Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Sarbanes-Oxley Act Article Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires companies to include a statement of the duty of the company direction for â€Å"establishing and keeping an equal internal control construction and processs for fiscal reporting† along with their study filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission ( SEC ) . The one-year study must include an appraisal of the effectivity of the company’s internal control construction and processs for fiscal coverage. followed by holding a registered public accounting house â€Å"attest on. and study on the appraisal made by the direction. † This facet of the statute law requires companies to document of import fiscal paperss along with the reappraisal from the certified public accounting house ; it requires enormous attempt and big sums of money for companies to follow with this facet of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act ( Additon. 2011 ) . The writer indicates that companies can utilize the money spent by companies to remain in conformity o n other concerns lines ; making more occupation chances and profiting the economic system. The writer demands that Congress should analyze whether subdivision 404 is needed. and if so. how to cut its dearly-won load on concerns. Modifying or revoking subdivision 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act can liberate concerns to excite the economic system ( Additon. 2011 ) . Businesses must remain in conformity with the jurisprudence to run expeditiously at all times. Companies should remain in conformity to acquire the assurance and trust from investors. The 2012 Sarbanes-Oxley Compliance Survey listed where companies stand on reexamining cost. clip. attempts. processes to remain in conformity with the ordinances. Approximately 35 % of midsize organisations spend from $ 100. 000 to $ 500. 000 yearly. and about 80 % spend $ 1 million or less. By twelvemonth four of Sarbanes-Oxley conformity. most organisation are passing $ 100. 000 to $ 500. 000 yearly ( 2012 Sarbanes-Oxley Compliance Survey ) ; this is comparatively a little sum of money compared the entire sum the company really makes. The Sarbanes-Oxley act protects the populace from unethical behaviour by companies. If the authorities does non keep companies accountable for their funding. it will take to unconfident investors in the market ; if the populace is non puting in concerns the economic system will non be better. The award the company pays to remain in conformity with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act is at the right monetary value. accomplishing trust. and assurance from the popula ce. MentionsDavid S. Addington â€Å"Congress Should Repeal or Fix Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act to Help Create Jobs. † The Heritage Foundation. September 30. 2011. Web. Retrieved from: hypertext transfer protocol: //www. heritage. org/research/reports/2011/09/congress-should-repeal-or-fix-section-404-of-the-sarbanes-oxley-act-to-help-create-jobs 2012 Sarbanes-Oxley Compliance Survey. Retrieved from: hypertext transfer protocol: //www. protiviti. com/en-US/Documents/Surveys/2012-SOX-Compliance-Survey-Protiviti. pdf

The Duties And Responsibilities Of Own Role Example Essays

The Duties And Responsibilities Of Own Role Example Essays The Duties And Responsibilities Of Own Role Example Essay The Duties And Responsibilities Of Own Role Example Essay 1.1 Describe the responsibilities and duties of ain function My responsibilities as a attention worker involve giving clients personal attention, such as helping with lavation, dressing, toileting demands including catheter and convene attention. Helping with nutritionary demands such as repast planning/preparation/feeding, prompting/administering medicine, transportation, cleaning. It is my duty to guarantee that the client maintains an acceptable degree of wellness and to advance the clients well-being. It is besides my duty to guarantee that all company policies and processs are carried out and to keep records for the service delivered, along with duty for guaranting that my preparation demands are kept up-to-date so that I am at the degree of criterions required to set about my function. Finally, it is my responsibility and duty to handle clients with regard and self-respect at all times. Identify criterions that influence the manner the function is carried out The criterions I have identified that influence the manner I carry out my function as a carer working in domiciliary attention are: Care Standards Act 2000 Domiciliary Care Regulations 2002 Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 Manual Handling Operations Regulations 1992 Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999 Codes of Practice National Occupation Standards Care Quality Commission Standards These make up the criterions to follow for good working pattern within Health and Social Care. Describe ways to guarantee that personal attitudes or beliefs do non blockade the quality of work To guarantee that personal attitudes or beliefs do non blockade the quality of work carried out a carer should give themselves to excellence, develop good work moralss and be professional at all times. It may besides be possible to alter personal attitudes through farther preparation. 2. Be able to reflect on ain work activities Explain why reflecting on work activities is an of import manner to develop cognition, accomplishments and pattern Reflecting on work activities can assist a attention worker derive a better/clearer apprehension of societal, cultural, personal and historical experiences. Reflecting is larning through experience, so by considering in an orderly manner we can larn from our ain ( or others ) errors, and conversely from what we ( or others ) have done good and utilize this new cognition to assist us in future state of affairss. Therefore, contemplation can assist us to happen an consciousness of our ideas and feelings which may associate to a peculiar country of our working pattern. Therefore enabling a nexus between theory and pattern, so allow integrated acquisition. Assess how good ain cognition, accomplishments and understanding meet criterions Since get downing work in the attention industry I have undertaken a considerable sum of formal preparation, along with practical on the occupation training/learning. I now have knowledge and understanding of many wellness and societal attention policies and processs and set about my function in a professional yet empathic mode. I respect each clients diverseness and equality, guarantee a high degree of confidentiality and advance their independency and well-being by keeping a high degree of personal regard. Show the ability to reflect on work activities The ability to reflect agencies to look back on something and think about it in a logical mode. So in a work capacity reflecting on what went good, what did nt travel so good, what could be changed and why this alteration would be necessary all helps sing possible results of future client calls. For illustration, in my ain work pattern when I am on a client call I try to suit my personality to the single client and work in a manner that will enable them to interact good with me. However, sometimes the communicating is nt every bit effectual as I would trust for it to be upon working with a new client, I therefore be given to travel off and reflect on how I can alter my communicating schemes with that peculiar client and near the state of affairs from a different angle on the following visit to assist guarantee that the call runs more swimmingly on this juncture. 3. Be able to hold a personal development program Identify beginnings of support for ain acquisition and development The first point of support sing ain acquisition and development should be your line director. Between the two of you you can discourse and hold farther preparation possibilities and a personal development program which may include accessing company and perchance external preparation. Discuss options with colleagues/team members/other professionals. Finding a wise man to work aboard of, and derive farther support/skills and cognition from. Describe the procedure for holding a personal development program and who should be involved The personal development program should be created by the person and should include statements and an action program that works towards accomplishing personal ends within their calling function – this could include countries such as instruction, preparation, calling, self-improvement. This program should so be discussed with the line director to look into whether the ends are in line with the organisations outlook of the person and so regular meetings should be arranged to guarantee that the personal development program stays on an accomplishable path. Contribute to pulling up ain personal development program A personal development program is alone to each person and tailored to accommodate the person s personality and end aspirations. When developing my ain personal development program I would make the followers: Determine the strongest facets of my personality traits. Determine my ends Make a mission statement to assist me concentrate on my program Make the program, which will include how my ends will be accomplished – by interrupting them down into smaller undertakings and into timescales Keep a planner/schedule to track my advancement Re-assess and update my personal development program at regular internals as necessary. In line with regular direction assessments. 4. Be able to develop ain cognition, accomplishments and understanding Show how a acquisition activity has improved ain cognition, accomplishments and understanding I attended a one twenty-four hours dementia awareness class within my organisation, which gave me a much greater apprehension of the operation of the encephalon and the countries of the encephalon involved in different sorts of dementedness. This gave me a much greater apprehension of why clients with dementedness behave in the mode that they do and why they react as they do, which finally has enabled me to be pro-active in my actions and reactions to clients with dementedness. Show how reflecting on a state of affairs has improved ain cognition, accomplishments and understanding Actively reflecting on a peculiar state of affairs enables me to measure the pros and cons of a state of affairs that has already happened. By taking into history other peoples positions and sing from all sides in an nonsubjective manner I gain farther cognition and apprehension, which enables me to subtley change my ain mode for a good result to both myself and the client. Show how feedback from others has developed ain cognition, accomplishments and understanding Receiving feedback from directors, co-workers and clients helps me to derive a better apprehension of my strengths and failings in my occupation function. It so enables me to reflect on the remarks and act on them consequently. So, for illustration, if a co-worker should feedback that I do non work good as portion of a squad I could incorporate this remark and work on my squad edifice accomplishments. If my line director should feedback that a client has commented on my high quality of attention I will besides utilize this as a positive marker of my abilities as a attention worker. Therefore, with either positive or negative feedback it gives me an apprehension of others positions of my work and I have hence gained the cognition that will ease me with honing my accomplishments consequently.

Dales Auto and Body Shop Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Dales Auto and Body Shop - Case Study Example It is projected to grow into a business with 3 locations with $9 million in sales by the third year. DABS auto and body repair services will be similar to those offered by other establishments but it differentiates itself from competition with the unique kind of customer-oriented service that it offers. This customer-oriented service excellence is anchored on three commitments: high quality service, with extensive warranties; customer convenience, speedy repairs, comfortable waiting area, customer shuttle to name a few; and customer-oriented service personnel, highly-competent, friendly, eager to share auto tips. Dale Brown is at the helm of DABS with his strong technical background in the auto repair and parts sales industry. Henry White will oversee sales and marketing. Aside from his technical expertise, he has worked long years with a major car dealership. James Black, also a technical expert, will oversee finance and administration. He has served many years in that capacity for one of the biggest car manufacturers. DABS is an exciting business opportunity that will be led by a seasoned management team, all of whom have extensive industry experience. DABS has forecasted sales of $5 million for year one, $7 million for year two, and $9 million for year three. Products and Services DABS shall offer the following auto and body repair and maintenance services: Auto Repair: Differential & Transaxle Service, Engines (Rebuild or Replace), Transmissions, Muffler Replacement, Scheduled Maintenance, Computer Diagnostics, Timing Belts & Chains, Starters & Alternators, Electronic Testing, Air-Conditioning, Cooling Systems, Fuel Injection, Exhaust Systems, Front End Work, Belts & Hoses, Fuel Pumps, Water Pumps, Carburetors, Batteries, Clutches, Brakes, Radiators, Oil & Lube, Tune-Ups Body Repair: Complete Collision Repair, Frame Straightening, Dent Removal and Color Matching. DABS shall use top brand names in parts and fluids. In addition, state-of-the-art diagnostic equipment shall be used by DABS' technicians for an in-depth analysis of vehicle systems. Marketing Plan DABS shall target customers from local residents as well as towed vehicles from local and nearby freeway traffic. Tie-ups will be established with local tow truck companies for referral business. An attractive and informative brochure will be produced to invite tow truck companies to be business partners of DABS. The partner company shall be eligible for sales commissions on the service fees that will be charged by DABS. A business development specialist shall be contracted to handle negotiations with the tow truck companies. Once a tie-up has been established, the tow truck company will be provided by DABS with informative flyers for handing over to prospective customers. With DABS positioning as a very customer-oriented shop, auto and body rep

Reagan's Part In Ending The Cold War Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Reagan's Part In Ending The Cold War - Essay Example It is then a question of determinacy or of choice. The historian John Lewis Gaddis, in his book The Cold War, highlights the figure and role of Ronald Reagan as being the reason for the downfall of the USSR. Gaddis gives much attention to the character, personality, and beliefs of the former president. In his own estimation, Reagan’s personality led to his decision to abandon the policy of dà ©tente, one which had been a central one of the American government since the Nixon administration. â€Å"Reagan came to this position thorough faith, fear, and self-confidence. His faith was that democracy and capitalism would triumph over communism, a ‘temporary aberration which will one day,’ he predicted in 1975, ‘disappear from the earth because it is contrary to human nature’† (Gaddis 2005, p. 276). Reagan’s intended his own economic policies, specifically de-regulation and low taxes, to have an international appeal in contrast to the party-line Marxism of the Soviets. Reagan shrewdly sought to abolish nuclear weapons while also enacting a massive military build-up. â€Å"It followed that neither communism nor nuclear weapons should continue to exist, and yet dà ©tente was ensuring that both did† (Gaddis 2005, p. 217). This allowed him to gain support abroad and curtail any suspicions on the Right that he was going soft. According to Gaddis, Reagan suspected that the USSR had suffered ideologically in the eyes of the world. Reagan implemented the Strategic Defense Initiative, which â€Å"challenged the argument that vulnerability could provide security [and] exploited the Soviet Union’s backwardness in computer technology†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Gaddis 2005, p. 226). Reagan’s policy of confronting the USSR while also leaving open the possibility of peace forced the Soviets to increase defense spending while already fighting in Afghanistan.

Information security risk assessment and mitigation strategies develop Thesis Proposal

Information security risk assessment and mitigation strategies development - Thesis Proposal Example Therefore, it is relevant to any company to develop security risk assessment and mitigation strategy to save data from potential external risk. In order to facilitate the process security risk assessment and mitigation strategies with regards to information security, it is relevant to work out a mechanism of dealing with the potential hazard of data steal from any company. On the basis of modern studies, it is relevant to develop a holistic strategy to data security provision that would be based on the principles applicable for any company. This research is focused on considering strategic steps of security management taken in case potential information hazards may occur. The research question is the following: â€Å"How is it possible for any organization to improve and apply effective information security risk assessment and mitigation strategies†. Moreover, it is further on suggested how to work out security risk assessment process. Therefore, a practical aspect of security management is correlated with recent theoretical findings presented in contemporary researches and studies. This research has been mainly developed for the needs of the organizations requiring improvement of information security risk assessment and mitigation strategies. This research is relevant from practical point of view. Though it is based on recent researches and findings in the field of information security, it brings in an innovative vision about the role of information security and strategies directed on dealing with it.

Sociology Essays Birth Order Theory

Sociology Essays Birth Order Theory Birth Order Theory The birth order theory was first coined by Alfred Adler. This is a theory that often refers to the order of birth in which one was born in. He was the first to say that â€Å"not only the parents but also the siblings influence the child’s behavior characteristics† (Leman, 2000). It is often believed that the order in which a child is born plays a significant role in how the child will be able to have life and all of the problems that life will bring such as relationships, work ethic, and just life in general. The birth order theory consists of 4 birth order theory personalities: first born, second born, the only child and youngest all of which will have a list of traits, a list of strengths and a list of weaknesses that each child should possess. The birth order personality of an individual relates to both their working style, which is how a person works and their relationship style. For many people that means working along different birth order lines. The first born is generally the leader of the family, and tends to be the most responsible of the siblings. These people like to be in charges of other people and love to be in control. They feel uncomfortable with surprises or being out of familiar surroundings. Their ability to focus on a goal and their propensity to organize others means they can achieve whatever they put their minds to. They are also perfectionist. Approval of authority is important for this group. Second born’s the compromisers, and flexible. They have to be motivated by a cause and will enjoy working with people. They tend to be involved in projects that will give them a sense of belonging. The second born child will treasure friendships they are generally always the one that will get along with everyone and be the peacekeeper. Hey generally will always put others first. The only child is the one that expects nothing less than the best. They will always be the one and only to raise the bar for everyone else to reach this will generally push those around them to do their best. One of their best strengths is the fact that they are able to work on their own for long periods of time. They make great project finishers and strategic thinkers but they can be secretive and don’t deal well with conflict. Ciadvertising.org says that â€Å"Recognition is important to this group†. The youngest are the initiators; they have great ideas and like to challenge people. They are very creative and are full of fun. They like to do things on the spur of the moment. They also like to be the center of attention. As for my family there are 3 of us so this is perfect to analysis us. I am the oldest, and then there is my brother Don Jr., and my sister Jessica. I am definitely a leader and I love being in control. I remember bossing my brother around, but there always seemed to be some tension between us there was definitely sibling rivalry. I never liked being surprised and to this day if I suspect a surprise I will try to find out what it is and do my best to mess it up. For my brother he was rebellious and always said that he did not fit in the family. He still has the same close group of friends that he had in high school. He wasn’t the stubborn one I was so he always seemed to get along with everyone in the family but me. My little sister who is the youngest is manipulative, even a little flaky. She is too slick and sneaky and a bit unbelievable, even though she was likeable, fun to be around, easy to talk to. She is definitely gullible, and has been easily taken advantage of a lot. She has made some decisions based too much on her feelings and did no give enough thought to her decisions. One thing that was and is still very true is that she is the favorite. So while looking into the birth order theory I realized that some of the traits are true about be and my siblings and I find it to be funny it makes you want to stop and take a good look at the type of person that you are. Ezinearticles.com states that â€Å"Most of us have a dominant birth order personality that matches our birth position. But that personality is influenced by variables such as temperament, gender and other family circumstances. So it is not so much where you are born in your family but how you function that counts. How a person functions generally correlates with birth position†. When you have a good understanding of who you are, what makes you strong what your weaknesses are, what you like what you dislike then and only then will you be in a position to maximize your strengths. This will allow you to be able to make up for any weaknesses that you may have by changing the things that you can and be able to accept what you can’t change. Works Cited http://www.ciadvertising.org/SA/spring_03/382J/kjoco/conclusions.htm http://ezinearticles.com/?Birth-OrderUnderstand-How-It-Affects-Your- Personalityid=45481 Leman, Kevin. The New Birth Order Book: Why You Are the Way You Are. Minnesota: Baker Book House Company, 2000.

Roger and Me Essay -- Documentaries Michael Moore Economy Essays

Roger And Me Roger And Me is a documentary that carries a considerable economic significance by presenting a modern version of capitalism, and by depicting an interesting example of Gunnar Myrdal’s theory of the circular and cumulative causation. Flint, the hometown of the filmmaker Michael Moore, has been built around the factories of one of the largest auto corporations in the world – General Motors. For decades on end the company has been prosperous, making high profits and keeping its workers loyal and content with their jobs and payment. Everyone in Moore’s family has worked for General Motors; the Flint residents have become not only economically but also spiritually and culturally connected with and influenced by the company – a fact that additionally explains the devastating effect of the closure of the eleven GM factories. That is where and when the tragedy begins, that is the push that sets Myrdal’s dynamics cycle in motion. General Motors close 11 of their factories in Flint, Michigan, laying off more than 30 000 workers. For people involved in capitalist economic processes that presents a disaster, since except for GM â€Å"there’s nothing out there [workers] can depend on†, says one of them – people are suddenly left with no employer to sell their labor to. The decision of GM to close down the factories is met with frustration and lack of understanding on the part of the workers, since the company is not closing down factories because of economic or financial difficulties, but because they want to realize more and more profits than they already have (and they have realized record high profits already - $5 billion in 1989). One way to satisfy the greed for higher profits is to set up production in Mexico, where GM wou... ...c processes taking place in Flint. Therefore, tourism is not, as it appears at first, the way out of the crises and out of Myrdal’s cycle. Unemployment, poverty, desolate houses, crimes, even more poverty†¦ - the circle remains closed. To a great extent, it is kept closed due to the polarization between the managers and the workers, due to the inequality gap that remains between the better and the worse off. The wealth and the greed have modified the minds of managers and directors; the lack of money has had a similar effect on the unemployed and the poor. Somewhere in this interaction between economic and cultural influences one may seek the explanation and the reason why â€Å"rich get richer, poor get poorer† – the closing line of Moore, which very clearly implies Myrdal’s theory and its perfect application with respect to the economic processes in Flint, Michigan.

learning journal Essay

A learning journal is a collection of notes, observations, thoughts and other relevant materials built-up over a period of time and usually accompanies a period of study, a placement experience or fieldwork. Its purpose is to enhance your learning through the very process of writing and thinking about your learning experiences. Your learning journal is personal to you and will reflect your personality and experiences. Structuring your learning journal A learning journal may be called several different things: a learning log, a fieldwork diary or personal development planner, for example. Different subject areas may ask you to focus on different aspects of your experiences and may also have a different format. A journal could be a notebook, an electronic document or sometimes can be recorded verbally on a tape. You will need to check which format is required with your module tutor. Why use a learning journal: To provide a ‘live picture’ of your growing understanding of a subject or experience To demonstrate how your learning is developing To keep a record of your thoughts and ideas throughout your experiences of learning To help you identify your strengths, weaknesses and preferences in learning Essentially, a learning journal helps you to be reflective about your learning, this means that your learning journal should not be a purely descriptive account of what you did etc but an opportunity to communicate your thinking process: how and why you did what you did, and what you now think about what you did. What is reflective learning? Reflective learning is a learned process that requires time and practice. It is also an active process: involving thinking through issues yourself, asking questions and seeking out relevant information to aid your understanding. Reflective learning works best when you think about what you are doing before, during and after your learning experience. Reflective learning is therefore not only about recognising something new (new learning), it is also about seeing reality in a new way. Reflection is an important skill to develop, and requires you to think about how you personally are relating to what is happening on your course, during your assignment, or in your placement. The following diagram illustrates the process of reflective learning.

Free Essays on Daniel Quinns Ishmael

In his novel, Ishmael, author Daniel Quinn (1992), uses the application sociological theories, developed by Emile Durkheim and numerous other sociologists, to illustrate the misconceptions in modern human society in a fictionalized setting. The main character of the novel, Ishmael, is a highly educated gorilla who is able to project an objective view into the societies of the world to his pupil living inside this world. The situation in the society discussed in Ishmael involves the societies of the â€Å"Takers† and the â€Å"Leavers† and the way â€Å"Mother Culture† influences their existence. The Takers indulge in a society where questions as to the origins of culture are never addressed; whereas, the Leavers are those peoples who choose not to see themselves as the center of the universe. Ishmael states that according to the culture in Taker society, â€Å"‘The Leavers were chapter one of human history- a long and uneventful chapter. Their chapter of human history ended about ten thousand years ago with the birth of agriculture in the New East. This event marked the beginning of chapter two, the chapter of the Takers’† (Quinn 1992:42). Yet, he directly contradicts this statement and issues that each of these societies are living out two different stories that are in direct opposition of one another. According to Ishmael, the Industrial Revolution c ause one society to diverge into two separate entities- the hunter-gatherers and the new industrialized society. The idea that culture is an ever-present, collective unconsciousness is stressed throughout Quinn’s (1992) novel. â€Å"‘This explanation of how things came to be this way is ambient in your culture. Everyone knows it and everyone accepts it without question’ (Ishmael)† (Quinn 1992:40). Every man, woman, and child know the story of creation in the Taker culture and automatically assume that God created man to rule the Earth. No one in the Taker society see... Free Essays on Daniel Quinn's Ishmael Free Essays on Daniel Quinn's Ishmael In his novel, Ishmael, author Daniel Quinn (1992), uses the application sociological theories, developed by Emile Durkheim and numerous other sociologists, to illustrate the misconceptions in modern human society in a fictionalized setting. The main character of the novel, Ishmael, is a highly educated gorilla who is able to project an objective view into the societies of the world to his pupil living inside this world. The situation in the society discussed in Ishmael involves the societies of the â€Å"Takers† and the â€Å"Leavers† and the way â€Å"Mother Culture† influences their existence. The Takers indulge in a society where questions as to the origins of culture are never addressed; whereas, the Leavers are those peoples who choose not to see themselves as the center of the universe. Ishmael states that according to the culture in Taker society, â€Å"‘The Leavers were chapter one of human history- a long and uneventful chapter. Their chapter of human history ended about ten thousand years ago with the birth of agriculture in the New East. This event marked the beginning of chapter two, the chapter of the Takers’† (Quinn 1992:42). Yet, he directly contradicts this statement and issues that each of these societies are living out two different stories that are in direct opposition of one another. According to Ishmael, the Industrial Revolution c ause one society to diverge into two separate entities- the hunter-gatherers and the new industrialized society. The idea that culture is an ever-present, collective unconsciousness is stressed throughout Quinn’s (1992) novel. â€Å"‘This explanation of how things came to be this way is ambient in your culture. Everyone knows it and everyone accepts it without question’ (Ishmael)† (Quinn 1992:40). Every man, woman, and child know the story of creation in the Taker culture and automatically assume that God created man to rule the Earth. No one in the Taker society see...

Bicamerilism essays

Bicamerilism essays In 1787, a pattern of government started to form in the colonies. A king chose a governor to serve as an advisory body and chief executive, which became the upper house of the colonial legislature. The lower house was elected by the colonist who owned property and were eligible to vote. This provided our founding nation of a bicameral legislation. However, critics of bicameralism didnt want it included into the constitution because they thought of the Senate as undemocratic. They would make an argument about how much larger regions with less population had the same number of representatives in the Senate, compared to a smaller region with a much larger population. The purpose of the Senate was to have equal number of representatives to prevent the most populated regions from dominating the Congress. Bicameralism provided for equal representation for each state in the Senate, and for the House of Representative to be elected based on their respective populations. Currently, a legislature is made up of two chambers that is supported the system of checks and balances. Either house is able to block legislation approved by the other. The two houses have to cooperate with each other and compromise on the differences in writing the nations laws. Although the House and Senate share similar powers and can be considered equal, the two houses differ in a numerous ways. The House of Representatives has 435 members, with each member elected from each congressional district. The Senate however has only 100 members, two from every state. Because of the Houses larger size, the House is more formal and stricter than the Senate. A member of the House has to be recognized in order to speak during a debate for a short time period. The Houses own members choose a longtime member that has influentially contributed over the years to be the Speaker. The Speaker is then the acknowledged leader of its majority party. If the Sp...

Law of Numbers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Law of Numbers - Essay Example [2] If a coin is tossed many times, the more times it is tossed, the likelihood of the number of "heads" in the total population will be close to 1/2. This Law of Large Numbers can be further explained with the help of a Randomly Generated Coin Toss online applet (available from http://hspm.sph.sc.edu/COURSES/J716/a01/stat.html). The coin is unbiased and it has two sides that are equally likely to come up. When the random generator is run, the applet shows the proportion of heads in the total population. In the first 10 tosses the proportion of heads is 0.272 (3 heads and 7 tails). When it is run for a longer time up to 100 tosses the proportion of heads approaches one-half and becomes 0.48 (43 heads and 47 tails). For a 1000 tosses the proportion of heads become 0.499 (502 heads and 498 tails). This figure will fluctuate around 0.5, with the fluctuations slowly getting smaller and almost reaching 0.5. [1] 1) Let's say you flipped the coin once and it landed on heads. You will expect that on alternative tosses you will get a head. In 10 coins are tossed you expect 5 to be heads since the expected percentage of successes is 50%. But in reality only three are heads. The difference between the actual and expected number of successes is 2. The actual percentage of number of heads is 20% meaning a difference between actual and expected percentage of 30%.

Biology (plant and people)- research proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Biology (plant and people)- - Research Proposal Example The corn’s high yield-per-hectare increased the available food supply, which contributed to the increase in the population especially among corn-growing areas. La Fleur, J. D. (2012). Fusion foodways of africa's gold coast in the atlantic era. Leiden: Brill. La Fleur provides a history on how corn became popular during the 1500’s and beyond in the African continent. African farmers were able to experiment planting and breeding corn sourced from Portuguese outposts, using techniques similar to growing local grains such as sorghum. The corn responded well after being planted during the rainy season, and the farmers were able to successfully harvest a lot during the end of the rainy season. Aside from the experimentations in breeding corn, the local folk also tested several methods of processing corn and creating novel dishes. The excitement from breeding various varieties of corn as well as in experimenting with different methods of preparing the crop helped it gain wide acceptance among many people within Africa. Maddison, A. (2007). Contours of the world economy 1-2030 AD: essays in macro-economic history. New York: Oxford University Press. Maddison describes how maize was introduced into the African continent, which is mainly via the slave trade routes by Portuguese colonizers. During the 1500’s, early introductions of European crops into the African continent proved futile, mainly due to the poor and uncultivated soils in areas where colonies were first established. Since most of the local folk were hunter-gatherers, the soils were unfit for planting most European-sourced crops. However, with the expansion of the slave-trade by Portugal in Africa as well as discovering and conquering other areas within the New World, there was an increase in the influx of various items across three separate geological regions. As Portugal brought Christianity from the mainland to the South Americans, corn was later exported from the Americas and into Afri ca, and from Africa came the slaves, which were sold to Europeans, thus completing a cycle of imports and exports from the countries under control. McCann, J. (2005). Maize and grace: africa's encounter with a new world crop, 1500-2000. Harvard University Press. The author discusses the natural characteristics of corn that made it widely popular in Africa despite its cultural diversity. First, the sub-tropical and mid-altitude locations of most areas were corn was first introduced were fairly similar to where maize came from, which contributed to the vigorous growth of the crop and fairly high yields. Second, it can be planted as an intercrop along with other kinds of food sources. Thirdly, corn as a crop is easy to transport to other places due to some â€Å"floury† varieties as well as the numerous husks covering the cob. Lastly, corn kernels greatly-resembled locally-grown sorghum, and this gave farmers and local folk ideas on how to prepare harvested corn for their dishes . Warman, A. (2003). Corn and capitalism: how a botanical bastard grew to global dominance. University of North Carolina Press. The flexibility of corn in being used for a variety of food stuffs lead to its acceptability, and is discussed by the author in this book. It is a fact that corn was a crop that was the product of multiple cross-breeding by humans for

Taxation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Taxation - Essay Example Taxation in essence is a system created in order to fuel the society, a manner of giving back to society for its protection. This however is not the case in modern times. Governments use taxation to run the national affairs. One thing which has still not changed is using taxation to fund wars. This practice was carried out by empires thosands of years ago and is still in pratice today. An income tax is a tax levied on the income of corporations or individuals. The amounts of tax is determined by not a fixed amount but by a percentage. This means that the tax would increase as the income increase. In most economies there are different tax brackets. This would mean that a certain percentage would be charged for an income of a certain level, however as the income would cross that threshold the tax rate would increase. There are four different types of income taxes based on sources of funds accquired i.e. personal income tax, corporate income tax, capital gain tax, payroll tax and inheretence tax. The idea of income tax is not just to aquire money to run the society (government) but also to keep a check on earnings of the rich. This system of check and balance ensures that a share is given back to welfare of state. Inflation is also controlled through this mechanism. Moreover incomes taxes can be progressive, regressive or proportional. Sales tax is a form of consumption tax. Unlike the income tax it is not applicable when you earn but only when you spend. This is because although the tax is paid by sellers of commodities, it is not in fact actually paid by them. A typical example can be buying your favorite perfume from a shopping mall. When the payment is made there is a few extra pounds charged above the selling price. This is the sales tax; the perfume seller will pay this amount to the government. The income tax would still apply on the seller on his profits and would be collected separately. Adam Smith

High school graduates should take a year off before entering college Essay Example for Free

High school graduates should take a year off before entering college Essay A woman takes a selfie from a high angle A selfie is a type of self-portrait photograph, typically taken with a hand-held digital camera or camera phone. Selfies are often associated withsocial networking, like Instagram. They are often casual, are typically taken either with a camera held at arms length or in a mirror, and typically include either only the photographer or the photographer and as many people as can be in focus, which is more commonly known as a group selfie Contents History The first known selfie, taken by Robert Cornelius in 1839 Robert Cornelius, an American pioneer in photography, produced a daguerreotype of himself in 1839 which is also one of the first photographs of a person. Because the process was slow he was able to uncover the lens, run into shot for a minute or more, and then replace the lens cap. He recorded on the back The first light Picture ever taken. 1839. Early Edwardian woman taking her picture in a mirror roughly 1900 Grand Duchess Anastasia Nikolaevna of Russia taking one of the first teenage self-portraits The debut of the portable Kodak Brownie box camera in 1900 led to photographic self-portraiture becoming a more widespread technique. The method was usually by mirror and stabilizing the camera either on a nearby object or on a tripod while framing via a viewfinder at the top of the box. Russian Grand Duchess Anastasia Nikolaevna at the age of 13 was one of the first teenagers to take her own picture using a mirror to send to a friend in 1914. In the letter that accompanied the photograph, she wrote, I took this picture of myself looking at the mirror. It was very hard as my hands were trembling. The concept of uploading group self-taken photographs (now known as super selfies) to the internet, although with a  disposable camera not a smartphone, dates to a webpage created by Australians in September 2001, including photos taken in the late 1990s (captured by the Internet Archive in April 20 04). The earliest usage of the word selfie can be traced as far back as 2002. It first appeared in an Australian internet forum (ABC Online) on 13 September 2002. Um, drunk at a mates 21st, I tripped ofer [sic] and landed lip first (with front teeth coming a very close second) on a set of steps. I had a hole about 1cm long right through my bottom lip. And sorry about the focus, it was a selfie. Popularity The term selfie was discussed by photographer Jim Krause in 2005, although photos in the selfie genre predate the widespread use of the term. In the early 2000s, before Facebook became the dominant online social network, self-taken photographs were particularly common on MySpace. However, writer Kate Losse recounts that between 2006 and 2009 (when Facebook became more popular than MySpace), the MySpace pic (typically an amateurish, flash-blinded self-portrait, often taken in front of a bathroom mirror) became an indication of bad taste for users of the newer Facebook social network. Early Facebook portraits, in contrast, were usually well-focused and more formal, taken by others from distance. In 2009 in the image hosting and video hosting website Flickr, Flickr users used selfies to describe seemingly endless self-portraits posted by teenage girls. According to Losse, improvements in design—especially the front-facing camera copied by the iPhone 4 (2010) from Korean and Japan ese mobile phones, mobile photo apps such as Instagram, and selfie sites such as ItisMee—led to the resurgence of selfies in the early 2010s.

Howard Stern Essay -- essays research papers

.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Howard Stern has been labeled as many things, such as offensive, obnoxious, discussing and by the majority of his listeners a genius. He grew up in a suburb of Manhattan in the early sixties. His father, Ben Stern, worked at radio station WHOM where the was the engineer. His father commuted every day about 40 miles to and from work. Howard would spend little time with his father but on occasion he would get to go to work with him. This is what interested Howard to being on the radio.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  At the time, the area Howard lived in was going through a racist change. His mother told his friends who were making racist comments about the negros that she and Howard were part negro, but they weren’t really. Roosevelt High School, his school, was a fully integrated educational system, which in his words meant â€Å"six thousand black guys and him.† In his high school years he turned to marijuana because he had to deal with several personal problems. He said the personal problems affected his personal life forever.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In his college years it was pretty hard for him to find a date. So, he stayed at home and masturbated constantly. His senior year he got on at the college radio station known as WTBU. That year he met the woman who would be his future wife. She was in his first film for his film class. He won an award for the film.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  After completing college Howard went to his first job interview on May 12, 1977. His interview was at WRNW and he got the job. After two months on the air, the manager who said he would never be a good DJ and that he had a lousy voice, promoted him to program director because he was a hard worker and came to work on time.† After saving money and working for awhile he then married Alison. They got their own place and was doing well with Howard making $250.00 a week.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  After three months of being program director Howard quit his job because he didn’t want to fire an employee. So, Howard was now unemployed himself. Howard decides to make a major decision and move to another city. He moves to Hartford and begins working as a morning man on WCCC. Time has moved to October , 1979. Howard then met his partner Fred who wil... ...ey say â€Å"I want to see what he will say next.†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Howard is invited to be on the David Letterman show and talks down about NBC. On a July of 1985 he tops the rating charts in New York. A rally is thrown for his accomplishment AC/DC plays at the ceremony. It is held in Central Park, on the field it is a sold out show. During the concert Alison’s water breaks. He named his first daughter Emily.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Three children later he is still the best known radio personality in years. Occasionally he might make a fool of himself in public like the MTV music award incident as Fartman. To this date the FCC still wants him off the radio and so does every other fundamentalist group in the United States. Most of the things he does are mostly misunderstood but that is the fate of most geniuses right? Stern, Howard (1997). Private Parts. New York City, NY: NBC Retived (11/17/00) From http://www.california.com/~rpcman/HOWARD1.HTM Retived (11/17/00) From http://www.sgi.net/~jon/howard/

Voting Machine

(Department of electronics engineering) RIZVI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING BANDRA (WEST), MUMBAI-400050 UNIVERSITY OF MUMBAI ACADEMIC YEAR 2012-13 FOR THE FULFILLMENT OF THE PROJECT (TE) ELECTRONIC WORKSHOP (EWS) LCD BASED VOTING MACHINE USING 8051 AND VENDING MACHINE A project report Submitted by NIKITA MUDRAS TRUPTI LIMBAD SABERA YASMIN UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF PROF. PRASAD DHURI PROF. SOHAIL SIDDIQUI RIZVI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, RIZVI COMPLEX, OFF CARTER ROAD BANDRA (W), MUMBAI – 400050 YEAR: 2012-13 UNIVERSITY OF MUMBAI (DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS) CERTIFICATEThis is to certify that the following students NIKITA MUDRAS TRUPTI LIMBAD SABERA YASMIN Have successfully completed the synopsis work of project on LCD BASED VOTING MACHINE USING 8051 AND VENDING MACHINE ___________________ _________________ PROF. PRASAD S. DHURI EXTERNAL EXAMINER (PROJECT GUIDE) ___________________ _________________ PROF . SOHAIL SIDDIQUI PROF . NARGIS SHAIKH (PROJECT GUIDE) (HOD) PREFACEWe take an opportun ity to present the project report on â€Å"lcd based voting machine and vending machine† and put before users some useful information about our project. We have made sincere attempts and taken every care to present this matter in precise and compact form. We are sure that the information contained in this volume would certainly prove useful for better insight in the scope and dimension of the subject. The task of completing the project though being difficult but was made quite simple,intresting and successful due to deep involvement and complete dedication of our group members.ACKNOWLEDGEMENT It is indeed of great pleasure and proud privilege to be able to present the project on â€Å"Lcd Based Voting Machine Using 8051† The completion of project work is a milestone in student’s life and its execution is inevitable in the hands of guide. we highly indebt the project guide Mr. Prasad Dhuri for this invaluable guidance and appreciation for giving form and substanc e to this project. it is due to his enduring efforts, patience and enthusiasm, which has given a sense of direction and purposefulness to this project and ultimately made it a success.We would like to tender our sincere thanks to the staff members for their co-operation. We would also like to express our deep regards and gratitude to the principal Dr. Varsha Shah, our HOD Prof. Nargis Shaikh. We would also like to thank the non teaching staff and our friends who have helped us all the time in the way or the other. LIST OF CONTENT LCD BASED VOTING MACHINE USING 8051 MICROCONTROLLER 1. Introduction 08 2. Circuit diagram 09 . Components 11 4. Program for IC 15 5. Working 30 6. PCB layout 31 7. Advantages 32 8. Future Scope 33 VENDING MACHINE 1.Introduction 36 2. Flowchart 37 3. Working 38 4. VHDL code 40 5. Output Waveforms 44 6. Applications & uses 45 REFRENCES 47LCD BASED VOTING MACHINE USING 8051 MICROCONTROLLER [pic] INTRODUCTION This LCD based electronic voting machine is de signed for four candidates. The input part consists of a set of six tactile switches. The switches and 16Ãâ€"2 LCD are interfaced to microcontroller AT89C51 for various operations and displays. The provision of casting votes for the candidates has been provided through four of these switches. These switches are made active high and connected to pins 2-5 (P1^1 – P1^4) of the controller. The remaining two switches (both active low) are to start and stop the voting procedure.They are connected to pins 1 and 6 (P1^0 and P1^5) respectively. The Init (start) switch initializes the voting system when pressed, while the Stop switch ends the voting and displays the poll results on LCD screen. For more details on working with LCD, refer LCD interfacing with 8051. The data pins of the LCD (pins 7-14) are connected to the output port P2 of the microcontroller. The control pins (RS, R/W and EN) are connected to port P3 pins P3^0, P3^1 & P3^6 respectively. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM [pic] LIST OF  COMPONENTS COMPONENT |QUANTITY | |1) General PCB |1 | |2) 16Ãâ€"2  LCD Display |1 | |3) Micro controller base |1 | |4) 10uf/10v capacitor |1 | |5) 8T89C51 micro controller |1 | |6) 12MHz Crystal oscillator |1 | |7) 10k Preset |1 | |8) 2 pin Switches |6 | |9)7805 voltage regulator |1 | |10) 10k Resistor |1 | COMPONENTS KA 7805 (Voltage Regulator) Features: ? Output Current up to 1A ? Output Voltage of 5 Thermal Overload Protection ? Short Circuit Protection ? Output Transistor Safe Operating Area Protection Description: 7805 is a voltage regulator integrated circuit. It is a member of 78xx series of fixed linear voltage regulator ICs. The voltage source in a circuit may have fluctuations and would not give the fixed voltage output. The voltage regulator IC maintains the output voltage at a constant value. The xx in 78xx indicates the fixed output voltage it is designed to provide. 7805 provides +5V regulated power supply. Capacitors of suitable values can be connected at input and output pins depending upon the respective voltage levels. Pin Connections (Front View): Pin No |Function |Name | |1 |Input voltage (5V-18V) |Input | |2 |Ground (0V) |Ground | |3 |Regulated output; 5V (4. 8V-5. 2V) |Output | AT89C51: AT89C51 is an 8-bit Microcontroller and belongs to Atmel's 8051 family. ATMEL 89C51 has 4KB of Flash programmable and erasable read only memory (PEROM) and 128 bytes of RAM. It can be erased and program to a maximum of 1000 times. In 40 pin AT89C51, there are four ports designated as P1, P2, P3 and P0. All these ports are 8-bit bi-directional ports, i. e. , hey can be used as both input and output ports. Except P0 which needs external pull-ups, rest of the ports have internal pull-ups. When 1s are written to these port pins, they are pulled high by the internal pull-ups and can be used as inputs. These ports are also bit addressable and so their bits can also be accessed individually. Port P0 and P2 are also used to provide low byte and hi gh byte addresses, respectively, when connected to an external memory. Port 3 has multiplexed pins for special functions like serial communication, hardware interrupts, timer inputs and read/write operation from external memory. AT89C51 has an inbuilt UART for serial communication.It can be programmed to operate at different baud rates. Including two timers & hardware interrupts, it has a total of six interrupts. Pin Diagram:- [pic] FEATURES OF 8951 1) 8051 have 128 bytes of RAM 2) 8051 have 128 user defined flags 3) it consist of 16 bit address bus 4) it also consist of 3 internal and two external interrupts 5) less power usage in 8051 with respect to other micro-controller 6) it consist of 16-bit program counter and data pointer 7) 8051 can process 1 million one-cycle instructions per second   8) it also consist of 32 general purpose registers each of 8 bits 9) ROM on 8051 is 4 Kbytes in size 10) it also consist of Two 16 bit Timer/ CounterLCD: LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) scree n is an electronic display module and find a wide range of applications. A 16Ãâ€"2 LCD display is very basic module and is very commonly used in various devices and circuits. These modules are preferred over seven segments and other multi segment LEDs. The reasons being: LCDs are economical; easily programmable; have no limitation of displaying special & even custom characters (unlike in seven segments), animations and so on. A 16Ãâ€"2 LCD means it can display 16 characters per line and there are 2 such lines. In this LCD each character is displayed in 5Ãâ€"7 pixel matrix. This LCD has two registers, namely, command and data. The ommand register stores the command instructions given to the LCD. A command is an instruction given to LCD to do a predefined task like initializing it, clearing its screen, setting the cursor position, controlling display etc. The data register stores the data to be displayed on the LCD. The data is the ASCII value of the character to be displayed on th e LCD. Pin Diagram:- [pic] |Pin No |  Function |  Name | |1 |Ground (0V) |Ground | |2 |Supply voltage; 5V (4. 7V – 5. V) |  Vcc | |3 |Contrast adjustment; through a variable resistor |  VEE | |4 |Selects command register when low; and data register when high |Register Select | |5 |Low to write to the register; High to read from the register |Read/write | |6 |Sends data to data pins when a high to low pulse is given |Enable | |7 |8-bit data pins |DB0 | |8 | |DB1 | |9 | |DB2 | |10 | |DB3 | |11 | |DB4 | |12 | |DB5 | |13 | |DB6 | |14 | DB7 | |15 |Backlight VCC (5V) |Led+ | |16 |Backlight Ground (0V) |Led- | PROGRAM TO MAKE A VOTING MACHINE USING LCD #include #define msec 50 #define lcd_data_str_pin P2 sbit rs = P3^0; //Register select (RS) pin sbit rw = P3^1; //Read write(RW) pin sbit en = P3^6; //Enable(EN) pin sbit ini_pin = P1^0; // Start voting pin sbit stop_pin = P1^5; // Stop voting pin sbit candidate_1=P1^1; //Candidate1 sbit candidate_2=P1^2; //Candidate2 sb it candidate_3=P1^3; //Candidate3 sbit candidate_4=P1^4; //Candidate4 int max = 0; int carry = 0; int arr[4]; int vote_amt[3],j; unsigned int vote_1,vote_2,vote_3,vote_4; void delay(int delay_time) // Time delay function { int j,k; for(j=0;j